Trick or Treat? FDA Warns Against Too Much Black Licorice

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Just in time for Halloween, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is warning people away from eating too much black licorice.

For adults age 40 or older, the FDA says, eating 2 ounces of black licorice a day for at least two weeks may lead to arrhythmia, or irregular heart rhythm, which could land you in the emergency room.

The culprit is glycyrrhizin, a sweetening compound derived from licorice root. In large amounts, glycyrrhizin can cause the body's potassium levels to drop, which in turn, may lead to abnormal heartbeat and high blood pressure. It can also cause water retention and swelling, which is a particular risk for people with congestive heart failure.

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This isn't exactly a widespread risk — the FDA says that the agency received one report of a black licorice-related problem last year — but studies in several medical journals have linked the candy to health problems in people over 40 (some with a history of heart disease or high blood pressure).

The good news is that your potassium levels go right back to normal once you stop eating black licorice, with no permanent health effects. And if you like the taste, you'll be glad to know that many licorice-flavored products don't actually contain any real licorice; they're usually flavored with anise oil instead.

Also, although licorice root has long been used as a folk remedy in many cultures — it's purported to treat heartburn, stomach ulcers, sore throat, cough and even some viral infections — there's no evidence that it has any such health benefits, the FDA reports.

Black licorice can interfere with some medications, however, such as heart drugs and birth control pills, as well as some herbs and dietary supplements, so the FDA advises consumers to check with their doctor, if they have concerns.

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"No matter what your age, don't eat large amounts of black licorice at one time," the FDA says. If you have been eating a lot of it and have an irregular heart rhythm or muscle weakness, stop eating it immediately and call your doctor.

Sora Song is the health editor at TIME. Find her on Twitter @sora_song. You can also continue the discussion on TIME's Facebook page and on Twitter at @TIME.

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HEALTH MANAGEMENT. FDA warns about cantaloupe linked to illness, deaths

CHICAGO (Reuters) - The Food and Drug Administration warned consumers on Thursday not to eat cantaloupe grown in part of Colorado after two deaths from what it said was the first Listeria outbreak traced to the melon.
Jensen Farms, grower of the cantaloupe in the Rocky Ford region of Colorado, voluntarily recalled the melons earlier in the week. The melons were sent to at least 17 states.
A specific strain of Listeria, a bacteria that can lead to a deadly flu-like illness, was found as the cause of 22 Listeriosis cases and traced back to the Jensen Farms cantaloupe, the FDA said.
Food-borne Listeria outbreaks are typically associated with deli meats and hot dogs, the FDA said. The only two produce-based outbreaks of listeria were from sprouts in 2009 and fresh-cut celery in 2010, according to the FDA.
In the current outbreak, people were infected in seven states -- 12 in Colorado, four in New Mexico, two in Texas, and one in Oklahoma, Nebraska, Indiana and West Virginia, according to the Centers for Disease Control.
In Colorado, a man filed a lawsuit against Jensen Farms and Wal-Mart Stores Inc after falling ill from a cantaloupe he purchased from one of the retail giant's stores, law firm Montgomery Little & Soran, PC said on Thursday.
Charles Palmer, 71, said in the complaint filed in El Paso County District Court that he has been hospitalized for more than two weeks with Listeriosis after eating cantaloupe grown by Jensen Farms in Colorado's Arkansas Valley.
Palmer was rushed to a hospital on August 31 after his wife said he was unresponsive days after eating a cantaloupe bought at a Colorado Springs Wal-Mart, the lawsuit said.
Greg Rossiter, spokesman for Wal-Mart, said the company wishes Palmer well, and was conducting an investigation.
He said that out of "an abundance of caution," the retailer pulled all Rocky Ford cantaloupes from its shelves after officials identified the Colorado connection.
Jensen Farms voluntarily recalled all the cantaloupes it shipped to 17 states between July 29 and September 10, Ryan Jensen, a partner in the farm, said in a statement.
"Jensen Farms continues to stay committed to the highest levels of food safety and maintains many third party safety audits, as we have for many years," he said. "We continually look for ways to enhance our protocol."
Palmer's attorney, William Marler, said in a statement that the farm and Wal-Mart have "a public responsibility to all consumers to sell and distribute food that is free and clear of all adulterants."
"In this case, a lapse in food safety assurance has relegated an innocent man to a hospital bed for a long time," he said.
The FDA specifically cautioned older adults, people with immune system diseases and pregnant women from eating cantaloupe grown in the Rocky Ford region.
The recall was in effect for Illinois, Wyoming, Tennessee, Utah, Texas, Colorado, Minnesota, Kansas, New Mexico, North Carolina, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Arizona, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania. The FDA said the cantaloupe might be in other states as well.
(Additional reporting by Keith Coffman in Colorado; Editing by Dan Whitcomb, Greg McCune and Cynthia Johnston)

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