More trans fat in pregnancy tied to bigger baby

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n">(Reuters) - Pregnant women who consume trans fats from snack foods, fast food and other less-than-ideal fare may give birth to bigger babies, according to a U.S. study.

The study, reported in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, centered on nearly 1,400 pregnant women. It found that the higher the woman's intake of trans fats -- which raise "bad" LDL cholesterol, but also lower heart-healthy HDL cholesterol -- during the second trimester of pregnancy, the larger her newborn was.

The study did not prove that trans fats alone boost fetal growth, and if they did, it is unclear how harmful that could be. But there are risks to having a larger-than-normal newborn, said lead researcher Juliana Cohen, of the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston.

Big babies may have to be delivered by Ceasarean-section and studies have found that they may have increased risks of diabetes and heart disease later in life, Cohen added.

"It's prudent to limit trans fats in your diet anyway. Pregnant women may want to think about how (the fats) could affect fetal growth as well," she said.

Artificial trans fats are found in foods that contain partially hydrogenated oils, including many baked and fried packaged foods like chips, crackers and cookies, as well as fast food.

Some meat and dairy products contain natural trans fats, but people get the bulk of their trans fat in the artificial form - although food producers and some restaurants have been cutting back in response to poor publicity.

The latest study was based on about 1,400 Boston-area women who gave birth between 1999 and 2002. The women completed dietary questionnaires during their first and second trimesters.

The relationship between higher trans fat intake and birth size held even after researchers accounted for factors such as pre-pregnancy body weight, income, education and calorie intake.

They calculated that for every 1 percent increase in trans fat as a replacement for carbohydrates in a woman's daily diet, her baby's fetal growth "Z score" -- which takes into account a newborn's birth weight and the week of pregnancy during which the baby was born -- inched up slightly.

Cohen said that while the effects of this would likely be limited in later life, the foods that contain trans fats were best limited for overall health.

Unfortunately, she added, these sorts of foods are often the ones women crave during pregnancy. SOURCE: bit.ly/pHY4jG

(Reporting from New York by Amy Norton at Reuters Health; editing by Elaine Lies and Ron Popeski)

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HEALTH MANAGEMENT. Guys, Quitting Smoking Makes It Bigger. Really.

Forget Viagra. A new study suggests that for firmer, faster erections, men should quit smoking. The researchers found that men who successfully kicked cigarettes had thicker, more rigid erections and reached maximal arousal five times faster than smokers who relapsed.
The study involved 65 sexually active male smokers who wanted to quit and were willing to have their erections measured in the lab. The participants were enrolled in an eight-week quit program, which involved using nicotine patches (and no other drugs) and counseling, and were brought in for erectile testing three times: before the quit date, halfway through the program, then again one month after the program's conclusion. To test men's erections, the researchers used a device called a penile plethysmograph, which measures changes in circumference and hardness, while the men watched porn.
Thirty-one percent of the men had successfully stopped smoking by the end of the study. Compared with men who relapsed, those who remained nicotine-free had wider, firmer erections and reached maximum sexual arousal (but, importantly, not climax!) much more quickly. These improvements were not seen, however, until after the men had stopped using the nicotine patches.
MORE: Study: A Mysterious Gene Variant That Makes Quitting Smoking Easier
Twenty percent of the participants reported having erectile dysfunction (ED) at the start of the study. By the end, 75% of these men who had quit smoking, no longer suffered erectile problems. But 61% of men with ED who had not stopped smoking also saw improvement in their condition. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant, however, researchers said.
Despite the fact that the researchers' objective measurements showed improvements in sexual health among the quitters, there was no change in men's own ratings of their sexual functioning, including perceptions of arousal, orgasmic function and strength of erection.
"It might take longer for men to actually notice their level of difference subjectively outside of the lab, which is also dependent on their relationship with their sexual partner," study co-author Christopher Harte, of the VA Boston Healthcare System, told Reuters.
The current study isn't the first to connect smoking with sexual health. Smoking is known to damage blood vessels and hinder proper blood flow, which can also affect erectile function. Just this week, researchers from the Mayo Clinic found that men who made lifestyle changes to improve their cardiovascular health — by lowering cholesterol and blood pressure, losing weight and exercising — also improved their symptoms of ED.
The new findings, published in the British Journal of Urology International, suggest it's not just smoking, but nicotine itself that causes erectile problems, since improvements in men's erections weren't seen until after use of the patch was stopped.
The good news is that doctors may now have a new strategy to help people quit smoking. For many people, the long-term fear of cancer or heart disease isn't enough to motivate them to quit — or, worse, it can backfire by increasing stress and, in turn, the urge to smoke — but the promise of immediate and measurable improvements where it counts might be just the incentive male smokers need.
So, guys, the next time you have the urge to light up a post-coital Lucky, you might stop to think about whether it'll keep you from your next chance to crave one.

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